ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื“ืขืช ื ื™ืจืงื•ืจ ืžืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ืžื•ืจืฉื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจืช
ืžื–ื’ื ื™ื ืืœืงื˜ืจื”, ืžื–ื’ื ื™ื ื˜ื•ืจื ื“ื•, ืžื–ื’ื ื™ื ืชื“ื™ืจืืŸ, ืžื–ื’ื ื™ื ืคืžื™ืœื™, ืžื–ื’ื ื™ื ืกืžืกื•ื ื’ .

ื‘ื—ื™ืจืช
ื˜ื›ื ืื™ ืžื–ื’ื ื™ื
ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื˜ื›ื ืื™ ืœืคื™ ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœืชื ืื• ืœืคื™ ื—ื•ื•ืช ื“ืขืช ื‘ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ื›ื™ ืืคื™ืœื• ืฉื ืจืื” ืงืœ ืœื”ืชืงื™ืŸ ืžื–ื’ืŸ ืœื‘ื“ ื”ืชืงื ืช ืžื–ื’ืŸ ืื™ื ื ื” ืžืกื•ื’ ื”ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืช ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ
ืœื‘ืฆืข ืœื‘ื“.

ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชืงื™ืŸ ืžื–ื’ืŸ ื ื—ื•ืฅ ื˜ื›ื ืื™ ืžื–ื’ื ื™ื ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ืฉืขื‘ืจ ื”ื›ืฉืจื” ืข"ื™ ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉืื•ืชื” ืžื™ืฆื’
ื•ืจืฉื•ื ื›ื˜ื›ื ืื™ ืืฆืœื ื•ื›ืžืฉื•ื•ืง ืžื•ืจืฉื”,


ื™ืฉ ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ื›ืืฉืจ ืงื•ื ื™ื ืžืžืฉื•ื•ืง ืžื•ืจืฉื” ื™ืฉ ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืจื—ื‘ืช ืœืžื–ื’ืŸ ืข"ื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื”
ืฉืžื™ื™ื‘ืืช ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืืœืงื˜ืจื”, ืชื“ื™ืจืืŸ, ื˜ื•ืจื ื“ื• ,ืคืžื™ืœื™, ื™ืฉื ืŸ ืื–ื”ืจื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช
ืขืฆืžื ื•ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช ื›ืืฉืจ ืงื•ื ื™ื ืžื˜ื›ื ืื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžืฉื•ื•ืง ืžื•ืจืฉื” ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ื™ืฆืจืŸ ืžื•ืจื™ื“ื” ืืช ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช
ืžื•ืจื—ื‘ื•ืช ื•ื›ืš ืืชื” ื›ืœืงื•ื— ื ืฉืืจ ืขื ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืฉื ื” ื‘ืœื‘ื“.
ื™ืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ื›ื’ื•ืŸ: ื›ืืฉืจ
ืงื•ื ื™ื ืžื—ื‘ืจื” ืืฉืจ ืจืฉื•ืžื” ื›ืžืฉื•ื•ืง ืžื•ืจืฉื” ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืœืงื•ื— ื ืชืงืœ ื‘ืชืงืœื” ื‘ืžื–ื’ืŸ, ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืข"ื™
ื”ื™ื‘ื•ืืŸ ( ืžื–ื’ืŸ ืืœืงื˜ืจื”, ืžื–ื’ืŸ ืชื“ื™ืจืืŸ, ืžื–ื’ืŸ ื˜ื•ืจื ื“ื•, ืžื–ื’ืŸ ืคืžื™ืœื™ ) ืžืงื‘ืœ ืขื“ื™ืคื•ืช ื•ืœื›ืŸ
ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืงื‘ืœ ืฉืจื•ืช ืžื”ื™ืจ ื•ื–ืจื™ื– ืข"ื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉืžื›ืจื” ืœื›ื ืืช ื”ืžื–ื’ืŸ ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉื˜ื›ื ืื™ ืœืœื ืžืฉื•ื•ืง
ืžื•ืจืฉื” ื™ืคื ื” ืืชื›ื ืœื—ื‘ืจื” ืขืฆืžื” ื•ืชืฆื˜ืจื›ื• ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ื”ืชืงืœื” ืœื‘ื“.
ื”ื—ืกืจื•ื ื•ืช:
ืืฆืœ
ืžืฉื•ื•ืง ืžื•ืจืฉื” ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื™ืงืจ (ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืกืชื›ื ื‘ื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ื ืฉืœ 100-600 ₪) ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉืืฆืœ ื˜ื›ื ืื™
ืคืจื˜ื™ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื–ื•ืœ.
ืื‘ืœ ืื ืชื™ืงื—ื• ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ืฉื›ืœื•ืœ ื”ืกื•ืคื™ ืฉืœ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ,
ื–ืžื™ื ื•ืช, ื—ื‘ืจื” ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื”,ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืชืงืœื•ืช ื™ืฆื ืœื›ื ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืื•ืชื• ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ, ื‘ื—ื‘ืจืชื ื• ื ืชืงืœื ื•
ืœื ืžืขื˜ ื‘ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช ืฉื”ื–ืžื™ื ื• ื˜ื›ื ืื™ ืœื”ืชืงื ื”, ืฉื ืชืŸ 3 ืฉื ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœื”ืชืงื ื”, ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื”
ืฉืื—ืจื™ ืฉื ื” ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืฉื™ื ื”ืงื™ืฅ .
ื•ืื™ืŸ ืกืคืง ื›ืืฉืจ ืงื•ื ื™ื
ืžืžืฉื•ื•ืง ืžื•ืจืฉื” ืงื•ื ื™ื ืฉืงื˜.
ืžื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ืืœืคื™ ื”ืชืงื ื•ืช ืœืžื–ื’ื ื™ื ืื ื• ืžืžืœื™ืฆื™ื
ื‘ื—ื•ื ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ืืช ื”ืžื–ื’ืŸ ื•ื”ื”ืชืงื ื” ืžืžืงื•ื ืื—ื“, ื•ืœื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืœืกืคืง ืืช ื”ืžื–ื’ืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื”ืชืงื ื”
ื‘ืฉื™ื˜ื” ื–ืืช ืืชื ื”ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช ืžืคืกื™ื“ื™ื ืคืขื ืื—ืช ืฉืขื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื•ืœื ื‘ืคืขืžื™ื™ื, ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืชืงืœื”
ืฉืœ ื”ืžื–ื’ืŸ, ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉืจื›ืฉืชื ื ื•ืชื ืช ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื•ืœื ืžืคื ื™ื ืืชื›ื ืœื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ืžื–ื’ื ื™ื ืื• ืœืžืชืงื™ืŸ.


ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืฉื•ื•ืืชื ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ, ืžื–ื’ืŸ ืžื™ื•ืขื“ ืœืฉื ื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”,
ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืžืื•ื“ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ืชืงื ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื•ื›ืš ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžื–ื’ืŸ ืœืื•ืจืš
ืฉื ื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช, (ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช ืžืขื“ื™ืคื™ื ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœืžืชืงื™ืŸ ืฉืžืฆื™ืข ืืช ื”ื”ืชืงื ื” ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ื ืžื•ืš ื™ื•ืชืจ
ืฉืœ 100- 200 ₪ ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ืฉื”ื”ืชืงื ื” ืœืžื–ื’ืŸ ืœื ื‘ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื•ืื– ืคืชืื•ื ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื‘ื•ืข
ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืฉื ื” ื”ื’ื– ืžื”ืžื–ื’ืŸ ื‘ื•ืจื—,ืื• ื ื–ื™ืœืช ืžื™ื ืขืงื‘ ืฉื™ืคื•ืข ืœื ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืœืฉืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื•ืชื”
ื—ื‘ืจืช ืžื–ื’ื ื™ื , ืžื–ื’ื ื™ ืืœืงื˜ืจื”, ืžื–ื’ื ื™ ืชื“ื™ืจืืŸ, ืžื–ื’ื ื™ ื˜ื•ืจื ื“ื•,ืžื–ื’ื ื™ ืคืžื™ืœื™ ื•ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืžื‘ืงืฉืช
ืœืงืจื•ื ืœืžืชืงื™ืŸ ืœืชืงืŸ ืืช ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื•ืื– ื”ืฉืืœื” ืื™ืคื” ื”ืžืชืงื™ืŸ, ื”ืื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืื•ืชื• ?) ืœื›ืŸ ืืœ
ืชื™ืงื—ื• ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืžื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ื—ื™ืกื›ื•ืŸ ืœื ืฉื•ื•ื” ืœื”ื™ืชืงืข ื‘ืืžืฆืข ื”ืงื™ืฅ ืื• ื—ื•ืจืฃ ื‘ืœื™ ืžื–ื’ืŸ.

ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื“ืขืช ื ื™ืจืงื•ืจ ืžืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ืžื•ืจืฉื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจืช
ืžื–ื’ื ื™ื ืืœืงื˜ืจื”, ืžื–ื’ื ื™ื ื˜ื•ืจื ื“ื•, ืžื–ื’ื ื™ื ืชื“ื™ืจืืŸ, ืžื–ื’ื ื™ื ืคืžื™ืœื™, ืžื–ื’ื ื™ื ืกืžืกื•ื ื’ .

ื‘ื—ื™ืจืช
ื˜ื›ื ืื™ ืžื–ื’ื ื™ื
ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื˜ื›ื ืื™ ืœืคื™ ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœืชื ืื• ืœืคื™ ื—ื•ื•ืช ื“ืขืช ื‘ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ื›ื™ ืืคื™ืœื• ืฉื ืจืื” ืงืœ ืœื”ืชืงื™ืŸ ืžื–ื’ืŸ ืœื‘ื“ ื”ืชืงื ืช ืžื–ื’ืŸ ืื™ื ื ื” ืžืกื•ื’ ื”ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืช ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ
ืœื‘ืฆืข ืœื‘ื“.

ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชืงื™ืŸ ืžื–ื’ืŸ ื ื—ื•ืฅ ื˜ื›ื ืื™ ืžื–ื’ื ื™ื ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ืฉืขื‘ืจ ื”ื›ืฉืจื” ืข"ื™ ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉืื•ืชื” ืžื™ืฆื’
ื•ืจืฉื•ื ื›ื˜ื›ื ืื™ ืืฆืœื ื•ื›ืžืฉื•ื•ืง ืžื•ืจืฉื”,


ื™ืฉ ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ื›ืืฉืจ ืงื•ื ื™ื ืžืžืฉื•ื•ืง ืžื•ืจืฉื” ื™ืฉ ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืจื—ื‘ืช ืœืžื–ื’ืŸ ืข"ื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื”
ืฉืžื™ื™ื‘ืืช ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืืœืงื˜ืจื”, ืชื“ื™ืจืืŸ, ื˜ื•ืจื ื“ื• ,ืคืžื™ืœื™, ื™ืฉื ืŸ ืื–ื”ืจื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช
ืขืฆืžื ื•ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช ื›ืืฉืจ ืงื•ื ื™ื ืžื˜ื›ื ืื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžืฉื•ื•ืง ืžื•ืจืฉื” ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ื™ืฆืจืŸ ืžื•ืจื™ื“ื” ืืช ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช
ืžื•ืจื—ื‘ื•ืช ื•ื›ืš ืืชื” ื›ืœืงื•ื— ื ืฉืืจ ืขื ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืฉื ื” ื‘ืœื‘ื“.
ื™ืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ื›ื’ื•ืŸ: ื›ืืฉืจ
ืงื•ื ื™ื ืžื—ื‘ืจื” ืืฉืจ ืจืฉื•ืžื” ื›ืžืฉื•ื•ืง ืžื•ืจืฉื” ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืœืงื•ื— ื ืชืงืœ ื‘ืชืงืœื” ื‘ืžื–ื’ืŸ, ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืข"ื™
ื”ื™ื‘ื•ืืŸ ( ืžื–ื’ืŸ ืืœืงื˜ืจื”, ืžื–ื’ืŸ ืชื“ื™ืจืืŸ, ืžื–ื’ืŸ ื˜ื•ืจื ื“ื•, ืžื–ื’ืŸ ืคืžื™ืœื™ ) ืžืงื‘ืœ ืขื“ื™ืคื•ืช ื•ืœื›ืŸ
ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืงื‘ืœ ืฉืจื•ืช ืžื”ื™ืจ ื•ื–ืจื™ื– ืข"ื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉืžื›ืจื” ืœื›ื ืืช ื”ืžื–ื’ืŸ ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉื˜ื›ื ืื™ ืœืœื ืžืฉื•ื•ืง
ืžื•ืจืฉื” ื™ืคื ื” ืืชื›ื ืœื—ื‘ืจื” ืขืฆืžื” ื•ืชืฆื˜ืจื›ื• ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ื”ืชืงืœื” ืœื‘ื“.
ื”ื—ืกืจื•ื ื•ืช:
ืืฆืœ
ืžืฉื•ื•ืง ืžื•ืจืฉื” ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื™ืงืจ (ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืกืชื›ื ื‘ื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ื ืฉืœ 100-600 ₪) ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉืืฆืœ ื˜ื›ื ืื™
ืคืจื˜ื™ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื–ื•ืœ.
ืื‘ืœ ืื ืชื™ืงื—ื• ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ืฉื›ืœื•ืœ ื”ืกื•ืคื™ ืฉืœ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ,
ื–ืžื™ื ื•ืช, ื—ื‘ืจื” ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื”,ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืชืงืœื•ืช ื™ืฆื ืœื›ื ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืื•ืชื• ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ, ื‘ื—ื‘ืจืชื ื• ื ืชืงืœื ื•
ืœื ืžืขื˜ ื‘ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช ืฉื”ื–ืžื™ื ื• ื˜ื›ื ืื™ ืœื”ืชืงื ื”, ืฉื ืชืŸ 3 ืฉื ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœื”ืชืงื ื”, ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื”
ืฉืื—ืจื™ ืฉื ื” ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืฉื™ื ื”ืงื™ืฅ .
ื•ืื™ืŸ ืกืคืง ื›ืืฉืจ ืงื•ื ื™ื
ืžืžืฉื•ื•ืง ืžื•ืจืฉื” ืงื•ื ื™ื ืฉืงื˜.
ืžื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ืืœืคื™ ื”ืชืงื ื•ืช ืœืžื–ื’ื ื™ื ืื ื• ืžืžืœื™ืฆื™ื
ื‘ื—ื•ื ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ืืช ื”ืžื–ื’ืŸ ื•ื”ื”ืชืงื ื” ืžืžืงื•ื ืื—ื“, ื•ืœื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืœืกืคืง ืืช ื”ืžื–ื’ืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื”ืชืงื ื”
ื‘ืฉื™ื˜ื” ื–ืืช ืืชื ื”ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช ืžืคืกื™ื“ื™ื ืคืขื ืื—ืช ืฉืขื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื•ืœื ื‘ืคืขืžื™ื™ื, ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืชืงืœื”
ืฉืœ ื”ืžื–ื’ืŸ, ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉืจื›ืฉืชื ื ื•ืชื ืช ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื•ืœื ืžืคื ื™ื ืืชื›ื ืœื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ืžื–ื’ื ื™ื ืื• ืœืžืชืงื™ืŸ.


ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืฉื•ื•ืืชื ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ, ืžื–ื’ืŸ ืžื™ื•ืขื“ ืœืฉื ื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”,
ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืžืื•ื“ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ืชืงื ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื•ื›ืš ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžื–ื’ืŸ ืœืื•ืจืš
ืฉื ื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช, (ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช ืžืขื“ื™ืคื™ื ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœืžืชืงื™ืŸ ืฉืžืฆื™ืข ืืช ื”ื”ืชืงื ื” ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ื ืžื•ืš ื™ื•ืชืจ
ืฉืœ 100- 200 ₪ ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ืฉื”ื”ืชืงื ื” ืœืžื–ื’ืŸ ืœื ื‘ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื•ืื– ืคืชืื•ื ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื‘ื•ืข
ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืฉื ื” ื”ื’ื– ืžื”ืžื–ื’ืŸ ื‘ื•ืจื—,ืื• ื ื–ื™ืœืช ืžื™ื ืขืงื‘ ืฉื™ืคื•ืข ืœื ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืœืฉืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื•ืชื”
ื—ื‘ืจืช ืžื–ื’ื ื™ื , ืžื–ื’ื ื™ ืืœืงื˜ืจื”, ืžื–ื’ื ื™ ืชื“ื™ืจืืŸ, ืžื–ื’ื ื™ ื˜ื•ืจื ื“ื•,ืžื–ื’ื ื™ ืคืžื™ืœื™ ื•ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืžื‘ืงืฉืช
ืœืงืจื•ื ืœืžืชืงื™ืŸ ืœืชืงืŸ ืืช ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื•ืื– ื”ืฉืืœื” ืื™ืคื” ื”ืžืชืงื™ืŸ, ื”ืื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืื•ืชื• ?) ืœื›ืŸ ืืœ
ืชื™ืงื—ื• ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืžื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ื—ื™ืกื›ื•ืŸ ืœื ืฉื•ื•ื” ืœื”ื™ืชืงืข ื‘ืืžืฆืข ื”ืงื™ืฅ ืื• ื—ื•ืจืฃ ื‘ืœื™ ืžื–ื’ืŸ.